How much is an RFID tag or an IC tag cost?

A major apparel company attached RFID tags, IC tags, on all of their merchandise, and they were able to conduct accurate operations by implementing self-checkout and having traceability from manufacturing to store sales. As a result, they achieved operational efficiency improvement and labor cost reduction by reducing quality control, warehousing, inventory, and sales labor. This achievement is well known as the supply chain reform.
The Inlay tag, an IC chip and an antenna placed on resin film substrate which can be called Inlay, price was JPY20-30 per piece 10-15 years ago, but now it is used in the clothing, retail, and logistics industries, and the price has dropped to JPY10 per piece. In addition, when it is purchased over 100 million, the price is very close to JPY5 per piece, and it could go lower in some cases.

Also the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry is conducting demonstration experiment aiming the goal, 100 billion electronic tags at convenient stores, to utilize RFID at convenient stores by 2025. It has attracted attention as it will probably affect the tag price. However, in order to achieve the goal, there are conditions, the RFID tag price must be less than JPY1 per piece and manufacturers must attach the tags to their merchandise.

Currently, considering the raw material cost, the price less than JPY1 is difficult, and it is said that JPY2 is limited. However, when new technology is developed, it may trigger to break through the price barrier.